NEW DELHI (AP) — A lethal assault on vacationers within the disputed Kashmir has plunged relations between India and Pakistan to new lows, with each side hinting at imminent navy motion.
India accuses Pakistan of backing the bloodbath, by which 26 males, principally Indian Hindus, had been killed, a cost Pakistan denies. Each nations have since expelled diplomats and residents, ordered the border shut and closed their airspace for one another.
Troopers on both sides have exchanged fireplace alongside their de facto border, with every blaming the opposite for taking pictures first.
Right here’s a have a look at a number of conflicts between the 2 nations since their bloody partition in 1947:
1947 — Months after British India is partitioned right into a predominantly Hindu India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan, the 2 younger nations battle their first struggle over management of Muslim-majority Kashmir, then a kingdom dominated by a Hindu monarch. The struggle killed 1000’s earlier than ending in 1948.
1949 — A U.N.-brokered ceasefire line leaves Kashmir divided between India and Pakistan, with the promise of a U.N.-sponsored vote that might allow the area’s individuals to determine whether or not to be half Pakistan or India. That vote has by no means been held.
1965 — The rivals battle their second struggle over Kashmir. 1000’s are killed in inconclusive combating earlier than a ceasefire is brokered by the Soviet Union and the USA. Negotiations in Tashkent run till January 1966, ending in each side giving again territories they seized through the struggle and withdrawing their armies.
1971 — India intervenes in a struggle over the independence of East Pakistan, which ends with the territory breaking away as the brand new nation of Bangladesh. An estimated 3 million persons are killed within the battle.
1972 — India and Pakistan signal a peace accord, renaming the ceasefire line in Kashmir because the Line of Management, a closely fortified stretch of navy outposts that divide the area between them. Either side deploy extra troops alongside the frontier, turning it right into a closely fortified stretch of navy outposts.
1989 — Kashmiri dissidents, with help from Pakistan, launch a bloody revolt in opposition to Indian rule. Indian troops reply with brutal measures, intensifying diplomatic and navy skirmishes between New Delhi and Islamabad.
1999 — Pakistani troopers and Kashmiri fighters seize a number of Himalayan peaks on the Indian aspect of the territory. India responds with aerial bombardments and artillery. Not less than 1,000 combatants are killed over 10 weeks and a fearful world fears the combating may escalate to nuclear battle. The U.S. finally steps in to mediate, ending the combating.
FILE – Indian troops are on the transfer in Kashmir in opposition to guerrilla forces through the second struggle over Kashmir on Sept. 6, 1965. (AP Picture, File)
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FILE – Indian troops are on the transfer in Kashmir in opposition to guerrilla forces through the second struggle over Kashmir on Sept. 6, 1965. (AP Picture, File)
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2016 — Militants sneak into a military base in Indian-controlled Kashmir, killing not less than 18 troopers. India responds by sending particular forces inside Pakistani-held territory, later claiming to have killed a number of suspected rebels in “surgical strikes.” Pakistan denies that the strikes happen, however it results in days of main border skirmishes. Combatants and civilians on each side are killed.
2019 — The 2 sides once more come near struggle after a Kashmiri rebel rams an explosive-laden automobile right into a bus carrying Indian troopers, killing 40. India sends carries out air strikes in Pakistani territory, claiming to have struck a militant coaching facility. Pakistan later shoot down an Indian warplane and captures a pilot. He was later launched, deescalating tensions.
2025 — Militants assault Indian vacationers in area’s Pahalgam resort city and kill 26 males, most of them Hindus. India blames Pakistan for the assault, one thing Islamabad denies, and vows revenge on the attackers, sending tensions to their highest level since 2019. Either side cancel visas of one another’s residents, recall diplomats, shut their solely land border crossing and shut their airspace to one another. New Delhi additionally suspends an important water-sharing treaty with Islamabad.
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